Third-Party Lab Verified
HPLC + MS
HPLC + MS
Independently tested for identity and purity
Batch
NP-SS31-062426-01
NP-SS31-062426-01
Tested
Jul 28, 2026
Jul 28, 2026
Purity
99.60%
99.60%
View Certificate of Analysis
SS-31
|
Elamipretide — Mitochondria-Targeted Tetrapeptide
|
Elamipretide — Mitochondria-Targeted Tetrapeptide
Primary Target
Cardiolipin
Research Pathway
Mitochondrial
Localisation
Inner Membrane
SS-31 (Elamipretide; MTP-131) is a synthetic cell-permeable tetrapeptide developed by Hazel Szeto and Peter Schiller, featuring an alternating aromatic–cationic residue pattern — D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂ — where Dmt denotes 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine. This motif enables selective accumulation at the inner mitochondrial membrane through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with cardiolipin (CL), an anionic phospholipid essential to electron transport chain organisation. SS-31 is a widely used tool compound in mitochondrial biology research for investigating cristae architecture, respiratory complex dynamics, and reactive oxygen species production.
Molecular Profile
| Property | Detail |
|---|---|
| Sequence | D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂ |
| Residue Count | 4 AA (tetrapeptide) |
| C-Terminus | Amide (–NH₂); not free acid |
| Key Residue | Dmt = 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine (non-standard aromatic) |
| Molecular Formula | C₂₆H₄₁N₉O₆ |
| Molecular Weight | ~638.8 Da |
| CAS Number | 736992-21-5 |
| Also Known As | Elamipretide; MTP-131; Bendavia |
| Charge at pH 7 | +3 (D-Arg, Lys cationic; Dmt hydroxyl neutral) |
| Format | Lyophilized Powder — 10 mg/vial |
| Purity | ≥98% (HPLC) |
Research Targets & Proposed Mechanisms
Cardiolipin Binding
Selectively associates with cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Investigated in cristae remodelling and respiratory supercomplex stabilisation research.
Electron Transport Chain
Studied in models of Complex I and Complex III electron leak; used as a reference compound in mitochondrial bioenergetics and ATP synthesis research.
ROS / Oxidative Stress
Investigated for ROS scavenging capacity via the Dmt phenol ring; used in oxidative stress cell models examining mitochondrial membrane potential.
Alternating Aromatic–Cationic Architecture: The alternating D-Arg (cationic) / Dmt (aromatic) / Lys (cationic) / Phe (aromatic) pattern is proposed to drive selective mitochondrial inner membrane targeting through electrostatic attraction to CL’s negative headgroups combined with hydrophobic insertion of the aromatic residues into the lipid bilayer. The D-configuration at position 1 enhances proteolytic resistance.
Research Context
- →Developed by Hazel Szeto (Weill Cornell Medicine) and Peter Schiller; one of the Szeto-Schiller (SS) peptide series designed for mitochondria-selective accumulation
- →Shown in cell-free and cell-based assays to bind cardiolipin with high affinity and prevent cytochrome c peroxidase activity implicated in apoptotic signalling
- →Widely used in ischaemia–reperfusion injury research models across cardiac, renal, and neuronal cell systems to study mitochondrial protective mechanisms
- →Investigated in aged animal models for age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction; used as a pharmacological probe in senescence and bioenergetics research
- →Advanced to clinical investigation as Bendavia/MTP-131 in human trials for heart failure and renal disease, generating translational data used in mechanistic research
Storage & Handling
Store sealed lyophilized material under controlled laboratory conditions in accordance with validated institutional SOPs and applicable technical documentation. Protect from light and moisture.
- →Keep in original sealed vial until use in research protocols
- →The Dmt phenolic hydroxyl is a redox-active moiety; minimise prolonged exposure to oxidising environments during handling
- →Handle in accordance with institutional biosafety and chemical handling guidelines
Literature & Resources
- →Szeto HH. “First-in-class cardiolipin-protective compound as a therapeutic agent to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics.” Br J Pharmacol, 2014 — PMID 23991970
- →Birk AV et al. “The mitochondrial-targeted compound SS-31 re-energizes ischemic mitochondria by interacting with cardiolipin.” J Am Soc Nephrol, 2013 — PMID 23813215
- →PubChem Compound — Elamipretide (CID 16131205): pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Research Use Only. SS-31 / Elamipretide (CAS 736992-21-5) is supplied exclusively for qualified laboratory and scientific research purposes. This product is not approved for human or veterinary use, is not a drug or supplement, and has not been evaluated by Health Canada, the FDA, or any regulatory authority for safety or efficacy in any application. No claims are made regarding therapeutic, diagnostic, or preventive properties. Researchers are responsible for ensuring all use complies with applicable institutional, regional, and federal regulations.
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